This examination has three parts. Please write on each part, putting your answers in the blue books provided. Clearly label each blue book with your name and the parts (e.g. Part I, Part II or Part III) that it contains. In each part, please use numbers or letters to identify your answers. Your answers should include references to specific readings, authors, lectures, people, places and approximate dates wherever appropriate.

Pick FIVE of the following eight pairs. Briefly identify each item in the pair (who, what, where, when, why important, and for the quotations, who said it and in what text) and describe a significant relationship between them (e.g. compare, contrast, or a mix of both). For the art work, you need not give the artists' names nor the dates of the work. Each answer should take about _ to 1 page in a blue book, depending on your handwriting. Please use arabic numerals to indicate which pairs you have chosen.

1)	Job / Ivan Ilych
2)	Penelope / Clytemnestra
3)	King Saul / Orestes
4)	peitho / wen
5)	A."There was something undifferentiated and yet complete, which existed before heaven and earth. Soundless and formless, it depends on nothing and does not change. It operates everywhere and is free from danger. It may be considered the mother of the universe. I do not know its name; I call it Tao."
	B."In the beginning God created the heavens and the earth. The earth was without form and void, and darkness was upon the face of the deep; and the Spirit of God was moving over the face of the waters."
6)	A."Man's nature [hsing] is naturally good, just as water naturally flows downward. There is no man without this good nature."
	B."In the wagon where the bread had fallen, a real battle had broken out. Men threw themselves on top of each other, stamping on each other, tearing at each other, biting each other. Wild beasts of prey, with animal hatred in their eyes; an extraordinary vitality had seized them, sharpening their teeth and nails. A crowd of workmen and curious spectators had collected along the train."
7)	A."The best man is like water. Water is good; it benefits all things and does not compete with them."
	B."Then the man who's going to be a fine and good guardian of the city for us will in his nature be philosophic, spirited, swift, and strong."
8)

Please write on one (1) of the following three questions. Use capital "A" or "B" or "C" to indicate which question you are answering.

A) This fall we have covered two different thematic modules: "Does Human Suffering Have Meaning?" and "Humans and the Divine." Even though we treated these as separate modules, there was some overlap between them. To what extent did the way in which the different authors dealt with human suffering relate to their understanding about the nature of God? Please cite specific examples from the readings in your answer.

B) Compare and contrast three (3) of the following on the ways in which culture influences how people view war or conflict: Sun Tzu, Thucydides, Samuel, Lao Tzu, and the Popol Vuh.

C) A recurring theme of the classical Greek and Chinese modules is the search for a good ruler. Consider the following people: Aeschylus, Thucydides, Plato, Confucius, Mencius, Han Fei Tzu, and Lao Tzu. Choose three (3) of these writers, making sure that your choices represent both the classical Greek and Chinese cultures, and describe their thoughts on the good ruler? How are the concepts different and how are they similar? Which author, in your judgment, comes closest to identifying the good ruler?

Please write on one (1) of the following two questions. Use capital "A" or "B" to indicate which question you are answering.

A) Human beings find themselves living in a world of suffering, searching for the divine, while experiencing the natural world. We have reflected on the human condition in poetry, philosophy, religion, and science in different cultural contexts. What components of human nature have we discovered in our readings? In your judgment, how has our knowledge of self and who we are been sharpened and focused by our semester's study? Use 4-5 readings from throughout the semester to illustrate the elements of humankind you include in your essay.

B) Please read the short newspaper article on the back side of this page. Imagine that you are putting together a panel discussion featuring several (4-5) authors from this semester chosen to discuss the incident. Describe this panel discussion. Who would be on your panel? Which of their ideas would they use in their response? Be sure to use a range of authors spanning the various modules in the semester.